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Home :: Diseases :: Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome
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Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome
What is Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome
The association of autoantibodies having an apparent specificity for anionic phospholipids with venous and arterial thrombosis, recurrent pregnancy loss, and thrombocytopenia is recognized as the antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS).
). Patients with APS often have systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) or related autoimmune diseases. The syndrome also may occur in the absence of such diseases, in which case it is termed primary APS . A multicenter study suggests that there is little fundamental difference between the primary and secondary syndromes.
Preliminary classification criteria for definite (aPL) syndrome
| 1. |
Vascular thrombosis |
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One or more clinical episodes of arterial, venous, or small-vessel thrombosis in any tissue or organ, confirmed by imaging or Doppler studies, or histopathology (except for superficial venous thrombosis); for histopathologic confirmation, thrombosis should be present without -significant -evidence of inflammation in the vessel wall |
| 2. |
Pregnancy morbidity |
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a. |
One or more unexplained deaths of a morphologically normal fetus at or beyond the 10th week of gestation, with normal fetal morphology documented by -ultrasound or direct examination; or |
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b. |
One or more premature births of a morphologically normal neonate at or before the 34th week of gestation because of -severe preeclampsia or eclampsia, or -severe placental insufficiency; or |
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c. |
Three or more unexplained consecutive spontaneous abortions before the 10th week of -gestation, with -maternal anatomic or hormonal abnormalities and parental chromosome causes -excluded |
| 1. |
Anticardiolipin antibody |
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IgG and/or IgM isotype in blood, present in medium or high titer, on two or more occasions, at least 6 weeks apart, measured by a standardized ELISA for 2 -GPI-dependent anticardiolipin -antibodies |
| 2. |
Lupus anticoagulant |
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Present in plasma, on two or more occasions at least 6 weeks apart, detected according to the guidelines of the International Society on Thombosis and Haemostasis -Scientific Standardization Subcommittee on Lupus -Anticoagulants/Phospholipid-Dependent Antibodies |
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